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| unranked_subordo = Cetacea | unranked_superfamilia = Odontoceti | familia = Phocoenidae | genus = ''Phocoena'' | species = ''P. phocoena'' | binomial = ''Phocoena phocoena'' | binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | subdivision = *''P.p.phocoena'' *''P.p.relicta'' *''P.p.vomerina'' | range_map = File:Harbour Porpoise Phocoena phocoena distribution map.png | range_map_caption = Harbour porpoise range.〔IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) 2008. Phocoena phocoena. In: IUCN 2015. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. http://www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 25 July 2015.〕 }} The harbour porpoise (''Phocoena phocoena'') is one of six species of porpoise. It is one of the smallest marine mammals. As its name implies, it stays close to coastal areas or river estuaries, and as such, is the most familiar porpoise to whale watchers. This porpoise often ventures up rivers, and has been seen hundreds of miles from the sea. The harbour porpoise may be polytypic, with geographically distinct populations representing distinct races: ''P. p. phocoena'' in the North Atlantic and West Africa, ''P. p. relicta'' in the Black Sea and Sea of Azov, an unnamed population in the northwest Pacific and ''P. p. vomerina'' in the northeast Pacific. ==Etymology== The English word porpoise comes from the French ''pourpois'' (old French ''porpais'', 12th century), which is from Medieval Latin ''porcopiscus'', which is a compound of ''porcus'' (pig) and ''piscus'' (fish). The old word is probably a loan-translation of a Germanic word, cf. Danish ''marsvin'' and Middle Dutch ''mereswijn'' (sea swine). Classical Latin had a similar name, ''porculus marinus'', and the notion behind the name is probably a fancied resemblance of the snout to that of a pig or the sound of a porpoise breathing resembling a pig snort. The species is sometimes known as the common porpoise in texts originating in the United Kingdom. It is also called a "puffer" or "puffing pig" by fishermen in New England and eastern Canada.〔 The species' taxonomic name, ''Phocaena phocaena'', is the Latinized form of the Greek φώκαινα, ''phōkaina'', "big seal", as described by Aristotle; this from φώκη, ''phōkē'', "seal". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harbour porpoise」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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